The effects of partial sleep deprivation on energy balance

a systematic review and meta-analysis.

H. Al Khatib, S.V. Harding, J. Darzi, G.K. Pot. 2017. The effects of partial sleep deprivation on energy balance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. Eur J Clin Nutr. 5. May. 71
Taal/language: Engels
Abstract / summary in English:

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
"It is unknown whether short sleep duration causatively contributes to weight gain. Studies investigating effects of partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on energy balance components report conflicting findings. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of human intervention studies assessing the effects of PSD on energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE).

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SUBJECTS/METHODS:
"EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science and Scopus were searched. Differences in EI and total EE following PSD compared with a control condition were generated using the inverse variance method with random-effects models. Secondary outcomes included macronutrient distribution and resting metabolic rate. Heterogeneity was quantified with the I2-statistic.

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RESULTS:
"Seventeen studies (n=496) were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review, and 11 studies (n=172) provided sufficient data to be included in meta-analyses. EI was significantly increased by 385 kcal (95% confidence interval: 252, 517; P<0.00001) following PSD compared with the control condition. We found no significant change in total EE or resting metabolic rate as a result of PSD. The observed increase in EI was accompanied by significantly higher fat and lower protein intakes, but no effect on carbohydrate intake.

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CONCLUSIONS:
"The pooled effects of the studies with extractable data indicated that PSD resulted in increased EI with no effect on EE, leading to a net positive energy balance, which in the long term may contribute to weight gain.

Keywords in English: partial sleep deprivation (PSD), energy balance, nutrition, review, weight gain